The set of detection signals collected for each patient was then analyzed using ML to track the patient for CaP. Seventy-six urine samples were measured three times, generating 912 biomarker signals or 228 sets of detection signals. We use RF and NN algorithms to analyze multi-marker signals. Both algorithms provided increased accuracy, and AUROC increased in size as the number of biomarkers was increased. Credit: Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among men. Patients have prostate cancer, mainly based on PSA, a blood cancer factor. However, as the diagnostic accuracy is as low as 30%, a considerable number of patients are subjected to additional invasive biopsy and therefore suffer from resulting side effects, such as bleeding and pain.
The Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) announced that the collaborative research team led by Dr. Kwan Hyi Lee of the Biomaterials Research Center and Professor In Gab Jeong of the Asan Medical Center have developed a technique to diagnose prostate cancer a from the urine in just 20 minutes with almost 100% accuracy. The research team developed this technique by introducing a method of intelligent AI analysis in an ultrasensitive biosensor based on electrical signals.
Because it is a non-invasive method, the urine diagnostic test is convenient for patients and does not require invasive biopsy, diagnosing cancer without side effects. However, as the concentration of cancer factors is low in the urine, urine-based biosensors are used only to classify risk groups, and not for an accurate diagnosis so far.
Dr. Lee’s team at KIST has been working to develop a technique for diagnosing diseases from urine with an ultrasensitive biosensor based on electrical signals. An approach using a single cancer factor associated with a cancer diagnosis has been limited to increase diagnostic accuracy to more than 90%. However, to overcome this limitation, the team simultaneously used different types of cancer factors instead of using just one to increase the accuracy of the diagnosis in an innovative way.
The team developed an ultra-sensitive semiconductor sensor system capable of simultaneously measuring traces of four selected factors of urine cancer for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. They trained AI using the correlation between the four cancer factors, which were obtained from the developed sensor. The trained AI algorithm was then used to identify those with prostate cancer, analyzing complex patterns of the detected signals. The diagnosis of prostate cancer using AI analysis has successfully detected 76 urinary samples with almost 100 percent accuracy.
“For patients who need surgery and / or treatments, cancer will be diagnosed with high precision using urine to minimize unnecessary biopsies and treatments, which can dramatically reduce medical costs and fatigue for medical staff,” said Professor Jeong, from Asan Medical Center. “This research has developed an intelligent biosensor that can quickly diagnose prostate cancer with almost 100 percent accuracy just through a urine test, and can be used to accurately diagnose other cancers through a urine test,” said Dr. Lee at KIST.
Stop smoking, your bladder will thank you
Hojun Kim et al, Noninvasive Precision Screening of Prostate Cancer by Urinary Multimarker Sensor and Artificial Intelligence Analysis, ACS Nano (2020). DOI: 10.1021 / acsnano.0c06946
Provided by the National Research Council of Science & Technology
Quote: Cancer can be accurately diagnosed using an artificial intelligence urine test (2021, January 21) obtained on January 21, 2021 at https://phys.org/news/2021-01-cancer-precisely-urine -artificial-intelligence.html
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