Starting this Sunday, March 14 at 2:00 am, approximately 70 million countries will advance their clocks in daylight saving time.
Although the vast majority of the United States participates, there are some exceptions. According to the Congressional Research Service, US states and territories that do not observe daylight saving time include American Samoa, most of Arizona, Guam, Hawaii, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.
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Daylight saving time in the United States was established by Congress under the Standard Time Act of 1918 as a “way to conserve fuel needed by the war industries and to extend the workday,” according to the Library of Congress.
It was revoked after the end of World War I, however, the problem reappeared during World War II and Congress established it again in 1942. In 1966, Congress established the Uniform Time Act to clarify issues around consistency with observance of time in daylight saving time. The rule allowed a state to exempt itself, or parts of the state in a different time zone, from observing daylight saving time. In addition, the law authorized the Department of Transportation to regulate time zone and daylight saving time limits
The time period for daylight saving time has been extended by four weeks through the Energy Policy Act 2005. The rule, which was implemented in 2007, changed the start of daylight saving time to the second Sunday in March and the end of the first Sunday in November.
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According to Timeanddate.com, most of Arizona does not advance clocks by one hour for daylight saving time, with the exception of the Navajo Nation, which advances the clock by one hour for daylight saving time in the mountains. Instead, Phoenix and most of Arizona follow Mountain Standard Time.
Although most of Arizona does not currently use daylight saving time, it was used by the state from March 31 to October 27, 1918, along with the rest of the world during World War I and again during World War II, after having been re-enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 9, 1942.
During the Wartime period, Phoenix and most of Arizona added 1 hour to Mountain Standard Time to what is now known as Mountain Daylight Time. When the Wartime period ended, most of Arizona, including Phoenix, returned to the MST.
Meanwhile, communities along the western border of the state added 1 hour to Pacific Standard Time and used what is now known as Pacific Daylight Time. After the wartime period, these sites returned to the PST again.
On January 1, 1944, when most of Arizona returned to the MST, communities on the western frontier remained on the Pacific War Time, while railroads, airlines, bus lines, military and interstate commerce continued to use Mountain War Time accordingly. with federal law.
Three months later, an emergency law was passed to establish mountain and Pacific time as the state’s time zones. The law stipulated that DST was to be used from April 1 to September 30. Federal offices and departments were exempt from the law.
On October 1, 1944, most of Arizona returned to mountain standard time and remained so until the mid-1960s, while most of the Mohave County region switched to Pacific standard time.
Arizona exempted itself from observing the STD in 1968, according to the Congressional Research Service. Time and date note that daylight saving time is “largely unnecessary” due to Arizona’s hot weather and that the argument against increasing daylight saving time is that people prefer to do their activities in cooler temperatures at night.
The only other state that does not observe daylight saving time is Hawaii, which exempted itself in 1967.
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Although Congress is the only entity that can change the duration of daylight saving time, at least 45 states have proposed legislation since 2015 requiring exemption from daylight saving time or the establishment of permanent daylight saving time. Most of the proposals were not approved.
The 11 states that have enacted permanent legislation on daylight saving time are Delaware, Florida, Idaho, Louisiana, Maine, Oregon, South Carolina, Utah, Tennessee, Washington and Wyoming. In addition, Arkansas and Georgia have adopted resolutions in support of permanent STDs.
On Tuesday, a bipartisan group of senators reintroduced the Sun Protection Act, a bill that would make daylight saving time permanent across the country. Senators include Marco Rubio, R-Fla, James Lankford, R-Oka., Roy Blunt, R-Mo., Sheldon Whitehouse, DR.I., Ron Wyden, D-Ore., Cindy Hyde-Smith, R-Miss ., Rick Scott, R-Fla. And Ed Markey, D-Mass.
A 2011 study by the American Journal of Public Health found about 901 fewer fatal accidents during daylight saving time, including 727 involving pedestrians and 174 involving vehicle occupants.
In addition, research published in the European Review, National Library of Medicine and the Mayo Clinic revealed that daylight saving time helped to reduce the risk of heart problems, stroke and seasonal depression and studies published by the International Journal Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity and Journal of Physical Activity and health found an increase in children’s physical activity during summer time.
A 2015 Brookings Institution study found that daylight saving theft was reduced by 27% and a JPMorgan Chase study found that daylight saving time benefits the economy, seeing a drop in economic activity from 2.2% to 4 , 9 when the clocks return.
Daylight saving time will end on Sunday, November 7, 2021, when the Americans will return an hour.
Louis Casiano from Fox News contributed to this report