More than 283.5 million doses of coronavirus vaccine were administered worldwide on Saturday morning, with nearly 60.6 million people receiving the full two-dose regimen. A growing number of studies have offered additional data on the vaccine’s effectiveness in recent weeks. Israel has demonstrated that the Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine works in real-life conditions as well as in clinical trials. The vaccine effectively prevents severe COVID-19, hospitalizations and deaths – even when facing the mutation in the UK. Researchers in Britain have come to similar conclusions, offering efficacy data to people who have received only one dose of Pfizer or AstraZeneca / Oxford. Separately, studies have shown that survivors of COVID-19 have the same immune response after a dose that people who have never received COVID-19 receive two doses.
After almost three months of vaccination in North America, Europe, Israel and other countries, it is also clear that side effects are minimal. The most common adverse reactions include pain at the injection site and brief flu-like symptoms, especially after the second dose. But the researchers learned more details about the side effects of the coronavirus vaccine in recent months. Now, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has just updated its vaccine guidelines with three adverse effects that people should be aware of.
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A few days ago, researchers warned people that a mild side effect specific to the COVID-19 vaccine could appear several days after the first or second dose, rather than immediately: skin problems, including redness and rashes. These adverse reactions were seen after the injections of Moderna – especially after the first dose. They are not a cause for concern and tend to disappear on their own in a few days.
The CDC made some changes to its coronavirus vaccine guidelines on Friday, adding three new side effects to the list. Initially, the agency described six possible adverse reactions. Two are local (pain and swelling) and four are systemic (fever, chills, tiredness and headache), as seen below.
The new guidelines include nine possible side effects of the coronavirus vaccine. In addition to pain and swelling in the arm where the injection is given, people may also experience redness. As for systemic reactions, the CDC added muscle aches and nausea to the list. Muscle pain should not be confused with pain at the injection site.
These reactions are an indication that the immune system is responding to the perceived threat – the vaccine – and developing immunity. Coronavirus antibodies should begin to appear about two weeks after the first injection, and maximum protection is achieved about two weeks after the second injection.
The guidelines also provide useful tips for dealing with side effects. “Talk to your doctor about taking over-the-counter medications, like ibuprofen, acetaminophen, aspirin or antihistamines, for any pain and discomfort you may experience after being vaccinated,” says the guide. “You can take these medications to relieve post-vaccination side effects if you have no other medical reasons that would prevent you from taking these medications normally.”
The CDC also reminds people that it is not recommended to take these drugs before vaccination, in an effort to prevent side effects.
After vaccination, people can use damp and cold cloths over the vaccine area to reduce pain and discomfort and to use or exercise their arm. Drinking plenty of fluids and wearing light clothing can help with the general side effects that can appear. The CDC advises people to inform their doctors if these side effects do not go away after a few days. If the redness or tenderness in the arm worsens after 24 hours, people should also consider contacting a doctor.
CDC information on the side effects of the coronavirus vaccine is available at this link.
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Chris Smith started writing about gadgets as a hobby and, before he knew it, was sharing his views on technology with readers around the world. Whenever he’s not writing about gadgets, he fails miserably to stay away from them, although he tries desperately. But this is not necessarily a bad thing.